Cardiovascular Atlas
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Steps after a cardiac arrest outside hospital

The steps that two patient pages and one trial describe, from the moment someone collapses to care in hospital. First, recognize the signs and call 9-1-1. Then give CPR and use an AED until help arrives. In hospital, an adult who stays in a coma after the heart is restarted may have their body temperature managed. This is a reading guide built from two US government patient pages and one randomized trial. It gives no guideline recommendation, class or timing.

  • Care pathway
  • In this atlas

Overview

Technical summary

Each step cites a claim. Steps 1 and 2 rest on two government patient pages (one is cite-only, so its wording is restated). Step 3 rests on a trial abstract and applies to comatose adults after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest of presumed cardiac or unknown cause. Not a substitute for calling emergency services.

Applies to

Recipient
Recipient not specified
Population
People who collapse and may be in cardiac arrest, and the bystanders around them. The pages are general patient information and do not give separate advice by age.
Care setting
Community and public places, then emergency services (the pages are written for bystanders).
Geography
United States (the NHLBI page cites US death figures and the 9-1-1 number).
Life stage
The pages do not state an age group.
Gestational age
Not reported
Postnatal age
Not reported
Follow-up
Not applicable (patient information pages).
Eligibility: 1 inclusion criterion; exclusion criteria not stated
Included
  • A person who collapses, stops responding and is not breathing normally
Excluded
None stated

Steps

  1. Recognize cardiac arrest and call for help

    Look for a person who collapses suddenly, does not respond and is not breathing normally, and call 9-1-1 first.

    • Description Evidence stage unknown Certainty not assessed

      NHLBI lists the signs that a person may be in cardiac arrest: a sudden collapse with loss of consciousness, no breathing or only gasping, no response to shouting or shaking, and no pulse. MedlinePlus says the first sign is usually loss of consciousness. NHLBI says survival chances improve when first responders get there quickly, which is why it stresses phoning 9-1-1 before anything else.

      Applies to Recipient not specified
      • People who collapse and may be in cardiac arrest, and the bystanders around them. The pages are general patient information and do not give separate advice by age.
      • Community and public places, then emergency services (the pages are written for bystanders).
      • United States (the NHLBI page cites US death figures and the 9-1-1 number).
      • The pages do not state an age group.
      • Gestational age Not reported
      • Postnatal age Not reported
      Follow-up Not applicable (patient information pages).
      Certainty method
      Not assessed
      Limitations
      General patient information from two government pages (NHLBI last updated 2022-05-19). NHLBI is a cite-only source, so its wording is restated and not quoted. The pages do not give an age group or a time limit for these steps.
      Last checked
      2026-10-15
      Next evidence check due
      Not scheduled
      Sources and citations (6)

      1. Supports Cardiac Arrest: What Is Cardiac Arrest? (NHLBI)

        Webpage · National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NIH) · Edition Page fetched 2026-10-15. The page says it was last updated on May 19, 2022.

        Locator
        Page body, list item 1
        How it applies
        Patient information page, restated in the claim.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        983ed7b98dc8e782bb47746bd9a1e78f09f7a6d5be1f583b636d40b93e91748a
        Reuse basis
        NHLBI is part of the U.S. National Institutes of Health. The pages carry third-party material, such as glossary entries and animations, that this atlas does not use. NIH's own web policy page returned HTTP 403 to a script on 2026-10-14 in an earlier cluster (cj-nih-web-policies.html) and was not tried again here, so NHLBI's reuse terms have not been read. Public text is cite_only until they are read; the integration owner can change it to quote. Hash only; the page is not committed (fetched as ck-nhlbi-cardiac-arrest.html).

      2. Supports Cardiac Arrest: What Is Cardiac Arrest? (NHLBI)

        Webpage · National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NIH) · Edition Page fetched 2026-10-15. The page says it was last updated on May 19, 2022.

        Locator
        Page body, list item 2
        How it applies
        Patient information page, restated in the claim.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        983ed7b98dc8e782bb47746bd9a1e78f09f7a6d5be1f583b636d40b93e91748a
        Reuse basis
        NHLBI is part of the U.S. National Institutes of Health. The pages carry third-party material, such as glossary entries and animations, that this atlas does not use. NIH's own web policy page returned HTTP 403 to a script on 2026-10-14 in an earlier cluster (cj-nih-web-policies.html) and was not tried again here, so NHLBI's reuse terms have not been read. Public text is cite_only until they are read; the integration owner can change it to quote. Hash only; the page is not committed (fetched as ck-nhlbi-cardiac-arrest.html).

      3. Supports Cardiac Arrest: What Is Cardiac Arrest? (NHLBI)

        Webpage · National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NIH) · Edition Page fetched 2026-10-15. The page says it was last updated on May 19, 2022.

        Locator
        Page body, list item 3
        How it applies
        Patient information page, restated in the claim.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        983ed7b98dc8e782bb47746bd9a1e78f09f7a6d5be1f583b636d40b93e91748a
        Reuse basis
        NHLBI is part of the U.S. National Institutes of Health. The pages carry third-party material, such as glossary entries and animations, that this atlas does not use. NIH's own web policy page returned HTTP 403 to a script on 2026-10-14 in an earlier cluster (cj-nih-web-policies.html) and was not tried again here, so NHLBI's reuse terms have not been read. Public text is cite_only until they are read; the integration owner can change it to quote. Hash only; the page is not committed (fetched as ck-nhlbi-cardiac-arrest.html).

      4. Supports Cardiac Arrest: What Is Cardiac Arrest? (NHLBI)

        Webpage · National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NIH) · Edition Page fetched 2026-10-15. The page says it was last updated on May 19, 2022.

        Locator
        Page body, list item 4
        How it applies
        Patient information page, restated in the claim.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        983ed7b98dc8e782bb47746bd9a1e78f09f7a6d5be1f583b636d40b93e91748a
        Reuse basis
        NHLBI is part of the U.S. National Institutes of Health. The pages carry third-party material, such as glossary entries and animations, that this atlas does not use. NIH's own web policy page returned HTTP 403 to a script on 2026-10-14 in an earlier cluster (cj-nih-web-policies.html) and was not tried again here, so NHLBI's reuse terms have not been read. Public text is cite_only until they are read; the integration owner can change it to quote. Hash only; the page is not committed (fetched as ck-nhlbi-cardiac-arrest.html).

      5. Supports Cardiac Arrest: What Is Cardiac Arrest? (NHLBI)

        Webpage · National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NIH) · Edition Page fetched 2026-10-15. The page says it was last updated on May 19, 2022.

        Locator
        Page body, AED section (quote 3)
        How it applies
        Patient information page, restated in the claim.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        983ed7b98dc8e782bb47746bd9a1e78f09f7a6d5be1f583b636d40b93e91748a
        Reuse basis
        NHLBI is part of the U.S. National Institutes of Health. The pages carry third-party material, such as glossary entries and animations, that this atlas does not use. NIH's own web policy page returned HTTP 403 to a script on 2026-10-14 in an earlier cluster (cj-nih-web-policies.html) and was not tried again here, so NHLBI's reuse terms have not been read. Public text is cite_only until they are read; the integration owner can change it to quote. Hash only; the page is not committed (fetched as ck-nhlbi-cardiac-arrest.html).

      6. Supports Sudden Cardiac Arrest (MedlinePlus health topic)

        Webpage · U.S. National Library of Medicine (MedlinePlus) · Edition Page fetched 2026-10-15.

        Locator
        Summary, symptoms
        How it applies
        Patient information page, restated in the claim.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        713e38eb67d03168df1bcf93f80abed751759ee7e044ac8697444ff28033a8d5
        Reuse basis
        MedlinePlus states that works produced by the federal government are not copyrighted, and lists the summaries on health topic pages and medical test information as public domain (the page titled Linking to and Using Content from MedlinePlus, fetched as ck-medlineplus-usingcontent.html, sha256 f70c0b8c67574e30377aab0c22b44038364a37e2e9f54a2ffa67597383b3de34). It names the A.D.A.M. encyclopedia, drug monographs and many images as copyrighted; this atlas uses only the page summary text. Source: MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine. The raw page is committed at research/snapshots/ck-medlineplus-suddencardiacarrest.html (fetched as ck-medlineplus-suddencardiacarrest.html).

  2. Start CPR and use an AED

    Bystanders can give CPR and use an AED while waiting for first responders; CPR continues until a defibrillator is ready.

    • Description Evidence stage unknown Certainty not assessed

      NHLBI says bystanders to a cardiac arrest can phone 9-1-1, give CPR and use an AED, and that immediate CPR and defibrillation after a 9-1-1 call can save a life. It adds that few people who have an arrest get treated fast enough to survive. MedlinePlus says CPR should begin right away and carry on until a defibrillator is ready, since CPR keeps blood moving to the brain and other organs until the heart's rhythm is restored, and that the defibrillator shock must come within minutes of the arrest to work well.

      Applies to Recipient not specified
      • People who collapse and may be in cardiac arrest, and the bystanders around them. The pages are general patient information and do not give separate advice by age.
      • Community and public places, then emergency services (the pages are written for bystanders).
      • United States (the NHLBI page cites US death figures and the 9-1-1 number).
      • The pages do not state an age group.
      • Gestational age Not reported
      • Postnatal age Not reported
      Follow-up Not applicable (patient information pages).
      Certainty method
      Not assessed
      Limitations
      General patient information from two government pages. NHLBI is a cite-only source, so its wording is restated and not quoted. The pages are not a guideline: they give no compression rate or depth and no class of recommendation. The 2025 AHA guideline abstracts were read, but their recommendations were not.
      Last checked
      2026-10-15
      Next evidence check due
      Not scheduled
      Sources and citations (7)

      1. Supports Cardiac Arrest: What Is Cardiac Arrest? (NHLBI)

        Webpage · National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NIH) · Edition Page fetched 2026-10-15. The page says it was last updated on May 19, 2022.

        Locator
        Page body, paragraph 6
        How it applies
        Patient information page, restated in the claim.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        983ed7b98dc8e782bb47746bd9a1e78f09f7a6d5be1f583b636d40b93e91748a
        Reuse basis
        NHLBI is part of the U.S. National Institutes of Health. The pages carry third-party material, such as glossary entries and animations, that this atlas does not use. NIH's own web policy page returned HTTP 403 to a script on 2026-10-14 in an earlier cluster (cj-nih-web-policies.html) and was not tried again here, so NHLBI's reuse terms have not been read. Public text is cite_only until they are read; the integration owner can change it to quote. Hash only; the page is not committed (fetched as ck-nhlbi-cardiac-arrest.html).

      2. Supports Cardiac Arrest: What Is Cardiac Arrest? (NHLBI)

        Webpage · National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NIH) · Edition Page fetched 2026-10-15. The page says it was last updated on May 19, 2022.

        Locator
        Page body, paragraph 6 (quote 2)
        How it applies
        Patient information page, restated in the claim.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        983ed7b98dc8e782bb47746bd9a1e78f09f7a6d5be1f583b636d40b93e91748a
        Reuse basis
        NHLBI is part of the U.S. National Institutes of Health. The pages carry third-party material, such as glossary entries and animations, that this atlas does not use. NIH's own web policy page returned HTTP 403 to a script on 2026-10-14 in an earlier cluster (cj-nih-web-policies.html) and was not tried again here, so NHLBI's reuse terms have not been read. Public text is cite_only until they are read; the integration owner can change it to quote. Hash only; the page is not committed (fetched as ck-nhlbi-cardiac-arrest.html).

      3. Supports Cardiac Arrest: What Is Cardiac Arrest? (NHLBI)

        Webpage · National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NIH) · Edition Page fetched 2026-10-15. The page says it was last updated on May 19, 2022.

        Locator
        Page body, paragraph 6 (quote 3)
        How it applies
        Patient information page, restated in the claim.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        983ed7b98dc8e782bb47746bd9a1e78f09f7a6d5be1f583b636d40b93e91748a
        Reuse basis
        NHLBI is part of the U.S. National Institutes of Health. The pages carry third-party material, such as glossary entries and animations, that this atlas does not use. NIH's own web policy page returned HTTP 403 to a script on 2026-10-14 in an earlier cluster (cj-nih-web-policies.html) and was not tried again here, so NHLBI's reuse terms have not been read. Public text is cite_only until they are read; the integration owner can change it to quote. Hash only; the page is not committed (fetched as ck-nhlbi-cardiac-arrest.html).

      4. Supports Cardiac Arrest: What Is Cardiac Arrest? (NHLBI)

        Webpage · National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NIH) · Edition Page fetched 2026-10-15. The page says it was last updated on May 19, 2022.

        Locator
        Page body, AED section (quote 2)
        How it applies
        Patient information page, restated in the claim.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        983ed7b98dc8e782bb47746bd9a1e78f09f7a6d5be1f583b636d40b93e91748a
        Reuse basis
        NHLBI is part of the U.S. National Institutes of Health. The pages carry third-party material, such as glossary entries and animations, that this atlas does not use. NIH's own web policy page returned HTTP 403 to a script on 2026-10-14 in an earlier cluster (cj-nih-web-policies.html) and was not tried again here, so NHLBI's reuse terms have not been read. Public text is cite_only until they are read; the integration owner can change it to quote. Hash only; the page is not committed (fetched as ck-nhlbi-cardiac-arrest.html).

      5. Supports Sudden Cardiac Arrest (MedlinePlus health topic)

        Webpage · U.S. National Library of Medicine (MedlinePlus) · Edition Page fetched 2026-10-15.

        Locator
        Summary, treatments
        How it applies
        Patient information page, restated in the claim.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        713e38eb67d03168df1bcf93f80abed751759ee7e044ac8697444ff28033a8d5
        Reuse basis
        MedlinePlus states that works produced by the federal government are not copyrighted, and lists the summaries on health topic pages and medical test information as public domain (the page titled Linking to and Using Content from MedlinePlus, fetched as ck-medlineplus-usingcontent.html, sha256 f70c0b8c67574e30377aab0c22b44038364a37e2e9f54a2ffa67597383b3de34). It names the A.D.A.M. encyclopedia, drug monographs and many images as copyrighted; this atlas uses only the page summary text. Source: MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine. The raw page is committed at research/snapshots/ck-medlineplus-suddencardiacarrest.html (fetched as ck-medlineplus-suddencardiacarrest.html).

      6. Supports Sudden Cardiac Arrest (MedlinePlus health topic)

        Webpage · U.S. National Library of Medicine (MedlinePlus) · Edition Page fetched 2026-10-15.

        Locator
        Summary, treatments (quote 2)
        How it applies
        Patient information page, restated in the claim.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        713e38eb67d03168df1bcf93f80abed751759ee7e044ac8697444ff28033a8d5
        Reuse basis
        MedlinePlus states that works produced by the federal government are not copyrighted, and lists the summaries on health topic pages and medical test information as public domain (the page titled Linking to and Using Content from MedlinePlus, fetched as ck-medlineplus-usingcontent.html, sha256 f70c0b8c67574e30377aab0c22b44038364a37e2e9f54a2ffa67597383b3de34). It names the A.D.A.M. encyclopedia, drug monographs and many images as copyrighted; this atlas uses only the page summary text. Source: MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine. The raw page is committed at research/snapshots/ck-medlineplus-suddencardiacarrest.html (fetched as ck-medlineplus-suddencardiacarrest.html).

      7. Supports Sudden Cardiac Arrest (MedlinePlus health topic)

        Webpage · U.S. National Library of Medicine (MedlinePlus) · Edition Page fetched 2026-10-15.

        Locator
        Summary, treatments (quote 3)
        How it applies
        Patient information page, restated in the claim.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        713e38eb67d03168df1bcf93f80abed751759ee7e044ac8697444ff28033a8d5
        Reuse basis
        MedlinePlus states that works produced by the federal government are not copyrighted, and lists the summaries on health topic pages and medical test information as public domain (the page titled Linking to and Using Content from MedlinePlus, fetched as ck-medlineplus-usingcontent.html, sha256 f70c0b8c67574e30377aab0c22b44038364a37e2e9f54a2ffa67597383b3de34). It names the A.D.A.M. encyclopedia, drug monographs and many images as copyrighted; this atlas uses only the page summary text. Source: MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine. The raw page is committed at research/snapshots/ck-medlineplus-suddencardiacarrest.html (fetched as ck-medlineplus-suddencardiacarrest.html).

  3. Temperature management in hospital

    If: Adult who stays in a coma after resuscitation from an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

    After the heart is restarted, adults in a coma after an arrest outside hospital may have their temperature controlled; one large trial compared cooling to 33 degrees C with targeted normothermia.

    • Effect Interventional Certainty not assessed

      In TTM2, an open-label trial with blinded assessment of outcomes, 1900 adults with coma who had had an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest of presumed cardiac or unknown cause were randomly assigned to targeted hypothermia at 33 degrees C followed by controlled rewarming, or to targeted normothermia with early treatment of fever (body temperature of 37.8 degrees C or higher). The primary outcome was death from any cause at 6 months. A total of 1850 patients were evaluated for it: 465 of 925 patients (50 percent) in the hypothermia group had died, as compared with 446 of 925 (48 percent) in the normothermia group (relative risk with hypothermia 1.04; 95 percent confidence interval 0.94 to 1.14; P=0.37). Of the 1747 patients whose functional outcome was assessed, 488 of 881 (55 percent) in the hypothermia group had moderately severe disability or worse (modified Rankin scale score of 4 or more), as compared with 479 of 866 (55 percent) in the normothermia group (relative risk 1.00; 95 percent confidence interval 0.92 to 1.09). Arrhythmia resulting in hemodynamic compromise was more common in the hypothermia group (24 percent vs 17 percent, P<0.001); the incidence of other adverse events did not differ significantly. The authors conclude that targeted hypothermia did not lead to a lower incidence of death by 6 months than targeted normothermia.

      Applies to Adult
      • Adults with coma who had had an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest of presumed cardiac or unknown cause (abstract wording). 1900 were randomly assigned and 1850 were evaluated for the primary outcome. The registry adds: unconscious with a FOUR-score below M4, stable return of spontaneous circulation for 20 minutes, eligible for intensive care without restrictions, and inclusion within 180 minutes of return of spontaneous circulation.
      • Not stated in the abstract; the abstract gives no setting.
      • Registry locations in 14 countries; the registry also lists Luxembourg and the Netherlands as removed countries.
      • Adults (abstract); the registry minimum age is 18 years and it gives no maximum age.
      Follow-up The primary outcome was death from any cause at 6 months (abstract). The registry gives 180 days.
      Certainty method
      Not assessed
      Limitations
      Abstract of the 2021 report only; the full text was not read (NEJM pages return HTTP 403 to scripts). The comparator was targeted normothermia with early treatment of fever, not an absence of temperature management, so the trial does not test whether managing temperature at all matters. The registry lists masking as TRIPLE but its description says the clinical team was not blinded to allocation; the abstract says open-label with blinded outcome assessment. 1850 of the 1900 randomized patients were evaluated for the primary outcome. The abstract names the Swedish Research Council and others as funders. PubMed lists no erratum for this record.
      Last checked
      2026-10-15
      Next evidence check due
      Not scheduled
      Sources and citations (21)

      1. Background Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

        Publication · The New England journal of medicine · Edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) fetched 2026-10-15 through NCBI E-utilities. No PMC copy is listed. The full text and the version of record were not fetched (NEJM pages return HTTP 403 to scripts). · Published 2021-06-17 · DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2100591 · PMID: 34133859

        Locator
        Abstract, BACKGROUND, sentence 1
        How it applies
        Background stated in the abstract.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        3d492d428372f6c023d3222d13d0effef2ab05fbf054da69978f394b011e99bf
        Reuse basis
        PubMed record fetched through NCBI E-utilities. Only the hash of the bytes is kept, because publisher copyright may apply to the abstract (PubMed disclaimer, fetched 2026-10-15 as ck-pubmed-disclaimer.html, hash only). Short factual quotations under 25 words, with the citation. Public text is quote, following Ben's decision of 2026-10-13 (medical-atlas-core issue 2) for PubMed and other NLM records.

      2. Supports Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

        Publication · The New England journal of medicine · Edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) fetched 2026-10-15 through NCBI E-utilities. No PMC copy is listed. The full text and the version of record were not fetched (NEJM pages return HTTP 403 to scripts). · Published 2021-06-17 · DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2100591 · PMID: 34133859

        Locator
        Abstract, METHODS, sentence 1, fragment 1 of 3
        How it applies
        Design, population or outcome definition in the abstract.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        3d492d428372f6c023d3222d13d0effef2ab05fbf054da69978f394b011e99bf
        Reuse basis
        PubMed record fetched through NCBI E-utilities. Only the hash of the bytes is kept, because publisher copyright may apply to the abstract (PubMed disclaimer, fetched 2026-10-15 as ck-pubmed-disclaimer.html, hash only). Short factual quotations under 25 words, with the citation. Public text is quote, following Ben's decision of 2026-10-13 (medical-atlas-core issue 2) for PubMed and other NLM records.

      3. Supports Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

        Publication · The New England journal of medicine · Edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) fetched 2026-10-15 through NCBI E-utilities. No PMC copy is listed. The full text and the version of record were not fetched (NEJM pages return HTTP 403 to scripts). · Published 2021-06-17 · DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2100591 · PMID: 34133859

        Locator
        Abstract, METHODS, sentence 1, fragment 2 of 3
        How it applies
        Design, population or outcome definition in the abstract.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        3d492d428372f6c023d3222d13d0effef2ab05fbf054da69978f394b011e99bf
        Reuse basis
        PubMed record fetched through NCBI E-utilities. Only the hash of the bytes is kept, because publisher copyright may apply to the abstract (PubMed disclaimer, fetched 2026-10-15 as ck-pubmed-disclaimer.html, hash only). Short factual quotations under 25 words, with the citation. Public text is quote, following Ben's decision of 2026-10-13 (medical-atlas-core issue 2) for PubMed and other NLM records.

      4. Supports Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

        Publication · The New England journal of medicine · Edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) fetched 2026-10-15 through NCBI E-utilities. No PMC copy is listed. The full text and the version of record were not fetched (NEJM pages return HTTP 403 to scripts). · Published 2021-06-17 · DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2100591 · PMID: 34133859

        Locator
        Abstract, METHODS, sentence 1, fragment 3 of 3
        How it applies
        Design, population or outcome definition in the abstract.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        3d492d428372f6c023d3222d13d0effef2ab05fbf054da69978f394b011e99bf
        Reuse basis
        PubMed record fetched through NCBI E-utilities. Only the hash of the bytes is kept, because publisher copyright may apply to the abstract (PubMed disclaimer, fetched 2026-10-15 as ck-pubmed-disclaimer.html, hash only). Short factual quotations under 25 words, with the citation. Public text is quote, following Ben's decision of 2026-10-13 (medical-atlas-core issue 2) for PubMed and other NLM records.

      5. Supports Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

        Publication · The New England journal of medicine · Edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) fetched 2026-10-15 through NCBI E-utilities. No PMC copy is listed. The full text and the version of record were not fetched (NEJM pages return HTTP 403 to scripts). · Published 2021-06-17 · DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2100591 · PMID: 34133859

        Locator
        Abstract, METHODS, sentence 2
        How it applies
        Design, population or outcome definition in the abstract.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        3d492d428372f6c023d3222d13d0effef2ab05fbf054da69978f394b011e99bf
        Reuse basis
        PubMed record fetched through NCBI E-utilities. Only the hash of the bytes is kept, because publisher copyright may apply to the abstract (PubMed disclaimer, fetched 2026-10-15 as ck-pubmed-disclaimer.html, hash only). Short factual quotations under 25 words, with the citation. Public text is quote, following Ben's decision of 2026-10-13 (medical-atlas-core issue 2) for PubMed and other NLM records.

      6. Supports Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

        Publication · The New England journal of medicine · Edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) fetched 2026-10-15 through NCBI E-utilities. No PMC copy is listed. The full text and the version of record were not fetched (NEJM pages return HTTP 403 to scripts). · Published 2021-06-17 · DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2100591 · PMID: 34133859

        Locator
        Abstract, METHODS, sentence 3
        How it applies
        Design, population or outcome definition in the abstract.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        3d492d428372f6c023d3222d13d0effef2ab05fbf054da69978f394b011e99bf
        Reuse basis
        PubMed record fetched through NCBI E-utilities. Only the hash of the bytes is kept, because publisher copyright may apply to the abstract (PubMed disclaimer, fetched 2026-10-15 as ck-pubmed-disclaimer.html, hash only). Short factual quotations under 25 words, with the citation. Public text is quote, following Ben's decision of 2026-10-13 (medical-atlas-core issue 2) for PubMed and other NLM records.

      7. Supports Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

        Publication · The New England journal of medicine · Edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) fetched 2026-10-15 through NCBI E-utilities. No PMC copy is listed. The full text and the version of record were not fetched (NEJM pages return HTTP 403 to scripts). · Published 2021-06-17 · DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2100591 · PMID: 34133859

        Locator
        Abstract, METHODS, sentence 4, fragment 1 of 2
        How it applies
        Design, population or outcome definition in the abstract.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        3d492d428372f6c023d3222d13d0effef2ab05fbf054da69978f394b011e99bf
        Reuse basis
        PubMed record fetched through NCBI E-utilities. Only the hash of the bytes is kept, because publisher copyright may apply to the abstract (PubMed disclaimer, fetched 2026-10-15 as ck-pubmed-disclaimer.html, hash only). Short factual quotations under 25 words, with the citation. Public text is quote, following Ben's decision of 2026-10-13 (medical-atlas-core issue 2) for PubMed and other NLM records.

      8. Supports Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

        Publication · The New England journal of medicine · Edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) fetched 2026-10-15 through NCBI E-utilities. No PMC copy is listed. The full text and the version of record were not fetched (NEJM pages return HTTP 403 to scripts). · Published 2021-06-17 · DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2100591 · PMID: 34133859

        Locator
        Abstract, METHODS, sentence 4, fragment 2 of 2
        How it applies
        Design, population or outcome definition in the abstract.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        3d492d428372f6c023d3222d13d0effef2ab05fbf054da69978f394b011e99bf
        Reuse basis
        PubMed record fetched through NCBI E-utilities. Only the hash of the bytes is kept, because publisher copyright may apply to the abstract (PubMed disclaimer, fetched 2026-10-15 as ck-pubmed-disclaimer.html, hash only). Short factual quotations under 25 words, with the citation. Public text is quote, following Ben's decision of 2026-10-13 (medical-atlas-core issue 2) for PubMed and other NLM records.

      9. Supports Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

        Publication · The New England journal of medicine · Edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) fetched 2026-10-15 through NCBI E-utilities. No PMC copy is listed. The full text and the version of record were not fetched (NEJM pages return HTTP 403 to scripts). · Published 2021-06-17 · DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2100591 · PMID: 34133859

        Locator
        Abstract, METHODS, sentence 5
        How it applies
        Design, population or outcome definition in the abstract.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        3d492d428372f6c023d3222d13d0effef2ab05fbf054da69978f394b011e99bf
        Reuse basis
        PubMed record fetched through NCBI E-utilities. Only the hash of the bytes is kept, because publisher copyright may apply to the abstract (PubMed disclaimer, fetched 2026-10-15 as ck-pubmed-disclaimer.html, hash only). Short factual quotations under 25 words, with the citation. Public text is quote, following Ben's decision of 2026-10-13 (medical-atlas-core issue 2) for PubMed and other NLM records.

      10. Supports Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

        Publication · The New England journal of medicine · Edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) fetched 2026-10-15 through NCBI E-utilities. No PMC copy is listed. The full text and the version of record were not fetched (NEJM pages return HTTP 403 to scripts). · Published 2021-06-17 · DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2100591 · PMID: 34133859

        Locator
        Abstract, RESULTS, sentence 1
        How it applies
        Result stated in the abstract.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        3d492d428372f6c023d3222d13d0effef2ab05fbf054da69978f394b011e99bf
        Reuse basis
        PubMed record fetched through NCBI E-utilities. Only the hash of the bytes is kept, because publisher copyright may apply to the abstract (PubMed disclaimer, fetched 2026-10-15 as ck-pubmed-disclaimer.html, hash only). Short factual quotations under 25 words, with the citation. Public text is quote, following Ben's decision of 2026-10-13 (medical-atlas-core issue 2) for PubMed and other NLM records.

      11. Supports Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

        Publication · The New England journal of medicine · Edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) fetched 2026-10-15 through NCBI E-utilities. No PMC copy is listed. The full text and the version of record were not fetched (NEJM pages return HTTP 403 to scripts). · Published 2021-06-17 · DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2100591 · PMID: 34133859

        Locator
        Abstract, RESULTS, sentence 2, fragment 1 of 2
        How it applies
        Result stated in the abstract.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        3d492d428372f6c023d3222d13d0effef2ab05fbf054da69978f394b011e99bf
        Reuse basis
        PubMed record fetched through NCBI E-utilities. Only the hash of the bytes is kept, because publisher copyright may apply to the abstract (PubMed disclaimer, fetched 2026-10-15 as ck-pubmed-disclaimer.html, hash only). Short factual quotations under 25 words, with the citation. Public text is quote, following Ben's decision of 2026-10-13 (medical-atlas-core issue 2) for PubMed and other NLM records.

      12. Supports Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

        Publication · The New England journal of medicine · Edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) fetched 2026-10-15 through NCBI E-utilities. No PMC copy is listed. The full text and the version of record were not fetched (NEJM pages return HTTP 403 to scripts). · Published 2021-06-17 · DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2100591 · PMID: 34133859

        Locator
        Abstract, RESULTS, sentence 2, fragment 2 of 2
        How it applies
        Result stated in the abstract.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        3d492d428372f6c023d3222d13d0effef2ab05fbf054da69978f394b011e99bf
        Reuse basis
        PubMed record fetched through NCBI E-utilities. Only the hash of the bytes is kept, because publisher copyright may apply to the abstract (PubMed disclaimer, fetched 2026-10-15 as ck-pubmed-disclaimer.html, hash only). Short factual quotations under 25 words, with the citation. Public text is quote, following Ben's decision of 2026-10-13 (medical-atlas-core issue 2) for PubMed and other NLM records.

      13. Supports Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

        Publication · The New England journal of medicine · Edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) fetched 2026-10-15 through NCBI E-utilities. No PMC copy is listed. The full text and the version of record were not fetched (NEJM pages return HTTP 403 to scripts). · Published 2021-06-17 · DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2100591 · PMID: 34133859

        Locator
        Abstract, RESULTS, sentence 3, fragment 1 of 3
        How it applies
        Result stated in the abstract.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        3d492d428372f6c023d3222d13d0effef2ab05fbf054da69978f394b011e99bf
        Reuse basis
        PubMed record fetched through NCBI E-utilities. Only the hash of the bytes is kept, because publisher copyright may apply to the abstract (PubMed disclaimer, fetched 2026-10-15 as ck-pubmed-disclaimer.html, hash only). Short factual quotations under 25 words, with the citation. Public text is quote, following Ben's decision of 2026-10-13 (medical-atlas-core issue 2) for PubMed and other NLM records.

      14. Supports Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

        Publication · The New England journal of medicine · Edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) fetched 2026-10-15 through NCBI E-utilities. No PMC copy is listed. The full text and the version of record were not fetched (NEJM pages return HTTP 403 to scripts). · Published 2021-06-17 · DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2100591 · PMID: 34133859

        Locator
        Abstract, RESULTS, sentence 3, fragment 2 of 3
        How it applies
        Result stated in the abstract.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        3d492d428372f6c023d3222d13d0effef2ab05fbf054da69978f394b011e99bf
        Reuse basis
        PubMed record fetched through NCBI E-utilities. Only the hash of the bytes is kept, because publisher copyright may apply to the abstract (PubMed disclaimer, fetched 2026-10-15 as ck-pubmed-disclaimer.html, hash only). Short factual quotations under 25 words, with the citation. Public text is quote, following Ben's decision of 2026-10-13 (medical-atlas-core issue 2) for PubMed and other NLM records.

      15. Supports Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

        Publication · The New England journal of medicine · Edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) fetched 2026-10-15 through NCBI E-utilities. No PMC copy is listed. The full text and the version of record were not fetched (NEJM pages return HTTP 403 to scripts). · Published 2021-06-17 · DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2100591 · PMID: 34133859

        Locator
        Abstract, RESULTS, sentence 3, fragment 3 of 3
        How it applies
        Result stated in the abstract.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        3d492d428372f6c023d3222d13d0effef2ab05fbf054da69978f394b011e99bf
        Reuse basis
        PubMed record fetched through NCBI E-utilities. Only the hash of the bytes is kept, because publisher copyright may apply to the abstract (PubMed disclaimer, fetched 2026-10-15 as ck-pubmed-disclaimer.html, hash only). Short factual quotations under 25 words, with the citation. Public text is quote, following Ben's decision of 2026-10-13 (medical-atlas-core issue 2) for PubMed and other NLM records.

      16. Supports Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

        Publication · The New England journal of medicine · Edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) fetched 2026-10-15 through NCBI E-utilities. No PMC copy is listed. The full text and the version of record were not fetched (NEJM pages return HTTP 403 to scripts). · Published 2021-06-17 · DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2100591 · PMID: 34133859

        Locator
        Abstract, RESULTS, sentence 4
        How it applies
        Result stated in the abstract.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        3d492d428372f6c023d3222d13d0effef2ab05fbf054da69978f394b011e99bf
        Reuse basis
        PubMed record fetched through NCBI E-utilities. Only the hash of the bytes is kept, because publisher copyright may apply to the abstract (PubMed disclaimer, fetched 2026-10-15 as ck-pubmed-disclaimer.html, hash only). Short factual quotations under 25 words, with the citation. Public text is quote, following Ben's decision of 2026-10-13 (medical-atlas-core issue 2) for PubMed and other NLM records.

      17. Supports Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

        Publication · The New England journal of medicine · Edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) fetched 2026-10-15 through NCBI E-utilities. No PMC copy is listed. The full text and the version of record were not fetched (NEJM pages return HTTP 403 to scripts). · Published 2021-06-17 · DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2100591 · PMID: 34133859

        Locator
        Abstract, RESULTS, sentence 5
        How it applies
        Result stated in the abstract.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        3d492d428372f6c023d3222d13d0effef2ab05fbf054da69978f394b011e99bf
        Reuse basis
        PubMed record fetched through NCBI E-utilities. Only the hash of the bytes is kept, because publisher copyright may apply to the abstract (PubMed disclaimer, fetched 2026-10-15 as ck-pubmed-disclaimer.html, hash only). Short factual quotations under 25 words, with the citation. Public text is quote, following Ben's decision of 2026-10-13 (medical-atlas-core issue 2) for PubMed and other NLM records.

      18. Supports Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

        Publication · The New England journal of medicine · Edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) fetched 2026-10-15 through NCBI E-utilities. No PMC copy is listed. The full text and the version of record were not fetched (NEJM pages return HTTP 403 to scripts). · Published 2021-06-17 · DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2100591 · PMID: 34133859

        Locator
        Abstract, RESULTS, sentence 6
        How it applies
        Result stated in the abstract.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        3d492d428372f6c023d3222d13d0effef2ab05fbf054da69978f394b011e99bf
        Reuse basis
        PubMed record fetched through NCBI E-utilities. Only the hash of the bytes is kept, because publisher copyright may apply to the abstract (PubMed disclaimer, fetched 2026-10-15 as ck-pubmed-disclaimer.html, hash only). Short factual quotations under 25 words, with the citation. Public text is quote, following Ben's decision of 2026-10-13 (medical-atlas-core issue 2) for PubMed and other NLM records.

      19. Background Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

        Publication · The New England journal of medicine · Edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) fetched 2026-10-15 through NCBI E-utilities. No PMC copy is listed. The full text and the version of record were not fetched (NEJM pages return HTTP 403 to scripts). · Published 2021-06-17 · DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2100591 · PMID: 34133859

        Locator
        Abstract, CONCLUSIONS, sentence 1, fragment 1 of 2
        How it applies
        The authors' conclusion in the abstract.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        3d492d428372f6c023d3222d13d0effef2ab05fbf054da69978f394b011e99bf
        Reuse basis
        PubMed record fetched through NCBI E-utilities. Only the hash of the bytes is kept, because publisher copyright may apply to the abstract (PubMed disclaimer, fetched 2026-10-15 as ck-pubmed-disclaimer.html, hash only). Short factual quotations under 25 words, with the citation. Public text is quote, following Ben's decision of 2026-10-13 (medical-atlas-core issue 2) for PubMed and other NLM records.

      20. Background Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

        Publication · The New England journal of medicine · Edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) fetched 2026-10-15 through NCBI E-utilities. No PMC copy is listed. The full text and the version of record were not fetched (NEJM pages return HTTP 403 to scripts). · Published 2021-06-17 · DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2100591 · PMID: 34133859

        Locator
        Abstract, CONCLUSIONS, sentence 1, fragment 2 of 2
        How it applies
        The authors' conclusion in the abstract.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        3d492d428372f6c023d3222d13d0effef2ab05fbf054da69978f394b011e99bf
        Reuse basis
        PubMed record fetched through NCBI E-utilities. Only the hash of the bytes is kept, because publisher copyright may apply to the abstract (PubMed disclaimer, fetched 2026-10-15 as ck-pubmed-disclaimer.html, hash only). Short factual quotations under 25 words, with the citation. Public text is quote, following Ben's decision of 2026-10-13 (medical-atlas-core issue 2) for PubMed and other NLM records.

      21. Background Hypothermia versus Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

        Publication · The New England journal of medicine · Edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) fetched 2026-10-15 through NCBI E-utilities. No PMC copy is listed. The full text and the version of record were not fetched (NEJM pages return HTTP 403 to scripts). · Published 2021-06-17 · DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2100591 · PMID: 34133859

        Locator
        Abstract, CONCLUSIONS, sentence 2
        How it applies
        The authors' conclusion in the abstract.
        Retrieved
        Source effective date
        Not reported
        Source state
        Current
        Snapshot hash
        3d492d428372f6c023d3222d13d0effef2ab05fbf054da69978f394b011e99bf
        Reuse basis
        PubMed record fetched through NCBI E-utilities. Only the hash of the bytes is kept, because publisher copyright may apply to the abstract (PubMed disclaimer, fetched 2026-10-15 as ck-pubmed-disclaimer.html, hash only). Short factual quotations under 25 words, with the citation. Public text is quote, following Ben's decision of 2026-10-13 (medical-atlas-core issue 2) for PubMed and other NLM records.

Record details

Record id
cardio:pathway-out-of-hospital-cardiac-arrest
Content hash
345d4db3754c3acb39dfe5f66135d372b3c0f9743b801a971be035a66084e8a6