{
  "release_id": "2b2017b84496b985",
  "id": "core:hypertension",
  "owner": "core",
  "kind": "condition",
  "slug": "hypertension",
  "name": "Hypertension (high blood pressure)",
  "aliases": [
    "High blood pressure"
  ],
  "atlases": [
    "cardio",
    "maternal"
  ],
  "summary_plain": "Blood pressure that stays higher than it should over time.",
  "summary_technical": "Persistently raised arterial pressure. Diagnostic and treatment thresholds differ by guideline and measurement method, so each threshold or target must be cited to a specific guideline edition.",
  "editorial_state": "draft",
  "last_substantive_edit": "2026-10-09",
  "last_evidence_check": null,
  "next_review_due": null,
  "external_ids": [],
  "navigation": {
    "cardio": {
      "system": [
        "blood-vessels"
      ],
      "condition-area": [
        "hypertension"
      ]
    }
  },
  "payload": {
    "taxonomy_codes": [],
    "recognition": null,
    "assessment": null,
    "burden_claims": []
  },
  "content_digest": "22bc57139b1a3f13eee544b4a3e5e687807d2548663eef9adef01de1bc242aac",
  "review": {
    "content_digest": "22bc57139b1a3f13eee544b4a3e5e687807d2548663eef9adef01de1bc242aac",
    "current": [],
    "conflicting": [],
    "stale": [],
    "inactive": []
  },
  "claims": [
    {
      "release_id": "2b2017b84496b985",
      "id": "cardio:claim-hypertension-raises-stroke-risk",
      "owner": "cardio",
      "subject_entity_id": "core:hypertension",
      "category": "descriptive",
      "statement": "The WHO 2012 sodium guideline calls hypertension a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, in particular for heart attack and stroke. It also says the link between higher blood pressure and higher risk of cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease and stroke most of all, is well established.",
      "context": {
        "id": "cardio:ctx-who-2012-general-statement",
        "label": "General statement in the WHO 2012 sodium guideline (no population stated)",
        "recipient": "unknown",
        "population": "The background passages state no population. They are general statements in a guideline about sodium intake in adults and children, so the claim is not scoped to an age group or to pregnancy.",
        "care_setting": "Not stated in the source",
        "geography": "Not stated in the source",
        "life_stage": "Not stated in the source",
        "gestational_age_min_days": null,
        "gestational_age_max_days": null,
        "postnatal_age_min_days": null,
        "postnatal_age_max_days": null,
        "gestational_age_status": null,
        "postnatal_age_status": null,
        "followup_description": "Not applicable (background statement)",
        "eligibility": {
          "inclusion": [],
          "exclusion": []
        }
      },
      "evidence_stage": "unknown",
      "certainty": "not_assessed",
      "certainty_method": null,
      "limitations": "A background statement in a guideline about sodium; the fetched text gives no study data for it and does not say how much hypertension raises stroke risk. The second statement concerns blood pressure as a continuous measure, not the diagnosis of hypertension. It does not say that lowering blood pressure prevents stroke.",
      "editorial_state": "draft",
      "checked_at": null,
      "next_review_due": null,
      "valid_from": null,
      "valid_to": null,
      "citations": [
        {
          "evidence_role": "supports",
          "locator": "Background, page 5",
          "applicability_note": "Calls hypertension a major risk factor, in particular for heart attack and stroke.",
          "snapshot": {
            "id": "cardio:who-sodium-2012-pdf-2026-10-11",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-10-11T19:12:45Z",
            "content_hash": "1f42c807c29ae255b31554afafaed683d5598414a1e5cc2a4b89190c72e2f369",
            "source_effective_date": null,
            "public_archive_url": null,
            "source_state": "current"
          },
          "source": {
            "id": "cardio:who-sodium-2012",
            "source_type": "guideline",
            "title": "Guideline: Sodium intake for adults and children",
            "canonical_url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241504836",
            "identifier_namespace": "isbn",
            "identifier_value": "978 92 4 150483 6",
            "publication_date": null,
            "publisher": "World Health Organization",
            "edition": "English PDF from WHO IRIS, fetched 2026-10-11. The copyright page reads 2012, reprinted 2014.",
            "reuse_basis": "All rights reserved, per the copyright page. Public text is cite_only: the copyright page says all rights reserved, so the terms do not clearly allow quotation (your WHO decision on issue 2 covers the CC BY-NC-SA guidelines). Easy to change to quote if you decide otherwise. Hash only; the PDF is not committed.",
            "public_text": "cite_only"
          }
        },
        {
          "evidence_role": "supports",
          "locator": "Summary of evidence, page 13",
          "applicability_note": "Well-established relationship between blood pressure and risk of stroke.",
          "snapshot": {
            "id": "cardio:who-sodium-2012-pdf-2026-10-11",
            "retrieved_at": "2026-10-11T19:12:45Z",
            "content_hash": "1f42c807c29ae255b31554afafaed683d5598414a1e5cc2a4b89190c72e2f369",
            "source_effective_date": null,
            "public_archive_url": null,
            "source_state": "current"
          },
          "source": {
            "id": "cardio:who-sodium-2012",
            "source_type": "guideline",
            "title": "Guideline: Sodium intake for adults and children",
            "canonical_url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241504836",
            "identifier_namespace": "isbn",
            "identifier_value": "978 92 4 150483 6",
            "publication_date": null,
            "publisher": "World Health Organization",
            "edition": "English PDF from WHO IRIS, fetched 2026-10-11. The copyright page reads 2012, reprinted 2014.",
            "reuse_basis": "All rights reserved, per the copyright page. Public text is cite_only: the copyright page says all rights reserved, so the terms do not clearly allow quotation (your WHO decision on issue 2 covers the CC BY-NC-SA guidelines). Easy to change to quote if you decide otherwise. Hash only; the PDF is not committed.",
            "public_text": "cite_only"
          }
        }
      ],
      "review": {
        "content_digest": "a21b977b48abcb46b0df31b2bacf46d90ca7e7052c87415be99b1fa6a69b41b0",
        "current": [],
        "conflicting": [],
        "stale": [],
        "inactive": []
      },
      "api_path": "api/v1/claims/cardio--claim-hypertension-raises-stroke-risk.json"
    }
  ],
  "decisions": [],
  "relationships": {
    "outgoing": [
      {
        "predicate": "increases_risk_of",
        "label": "WHO 2012: hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, in particular for heart attack and stroke",
        "clinical_claim_not_fact": true,
        "other_entity_id": "core:stroke",
        "other_entity_in_atlas": true,
        "claim_id": "cardio:claim-hypertension-raises-stroke-risk"
      }
    ],
    "incoming": [
      {
        "predicate": "related_to",
        "label": "Related to",
        "clinical_claim_not_fact": false,
        "other_entity_id": "core:blood-pressure",
        "other_entity_in_atlas": true,
        "claim_id": null
      },
      {
        "predicate": "recommended_for",
        "label": "Recommended for this",
        "clinical_claim_not_fact": true,
        "other_entity_id": "core:home-bp-monitoring",
        "other_entity_in_atlas": true,
        "claim_id": "cardio:claim-nice-ng136-1-2-4"
      },
      {
        "predicate": "related_to",
        "label": "Related to",
        "clinical_claim_not_fact": false,
        "other_entity_id": "cardio:cardiovascular-prevention",
        "other_entity_in_atlas": true,
        "claim_id": null
      },
      {
        "predicate": "recommended_for",
        "label": "Recommended for this",
        "clinical_claim_not_fact": true,
        "other_entity_id": "cardio:ambulatory-bp-monitoring",
        "other_entity_in_atlas": true,
        "claim_id": "cardio:claim-nice-ng136-1-2-3"
      },
      {
        "predicate": "recommended_for",
        "label": "Recommended for this",
        "clinical_claim_not_fact": true,
        "other_entity_id": "cardio:bp-lowering-medicine",
        "other_entity_in_atlas": true,
        "claim_id": "cardio:claim-who-2021-r1a"
      },
      {
        "predicate": "recommended_for",
        "label": "Recommended for this",
        "clinical_claim_not_fact": true,
        "other_entity_id": "cardio:bp-lowering-medicine",
        "other_entity_in_atlas": true,
        "claim_id": "cardio:claim-who-2021-r1b"
      },
      {
        "predicate": "recommended_for",
        "label": "Recommended for this",
        "clinical_claim_not_fact": true,
        "other_entity_id": "cardio:bp-lowering-medicine",
        "other_entity_in_atlas": true,
        "claim_id": "cardio:claim-who-2021-r1c"
      },
      {
        "predicate": "recommended_for",
        "label": "Recommended for this",
        "clinical_claim_not_fact": true,
        "other_entity_id": "cardio:bp-lowering-medicine",
        "other_entity_in_atlas": true,
        "claim_id": "cardio:claim-who-2021-r4"
      },
      {
        "predicate": "recommended_for",
        "label": "Recommended for this",
        "clinical_claim_not_fact": true,
        "other_entity_id": "cardio:bp-lowering-medicine",
        "other_entity_in_atlas": true,
        "claim_id": "cardio:claim-who-2021-r5"
      },
      {
        "predicate": "recommended_for",
        "label": "Recommended for this",
        "clinical_claim_not_fact": true,
        "other_entity_id": "cardio:bp-lowering-to-target",
        "other_entity_in_atlas": true,
        "claim_id": "cardio:claim-nice-ng136-target-under-80"
      },
      {
        "predicate": "recommended_for",
        "label": "Recommended for this",
        "clinical_claim_not_fact": true,
        "other_entity_id": "cardio:bp-lowering-to-target",
        "other_entity_in_atlas": true,
        "claim_id": "cardio:claim-who-2021-r6a"
      },
      {
        "predicate": "recommended_for",
        "label": "Recommended for this",
        "clinical_claim_not_fact": true,
        "other_entity_id": "cardio:bp-lowering-to-target",
        "other_entity_in_atlas": true,
        "claim_id": "cardio:claim-who-2021-r6b"
      },
      {
        "predicate": "recommended_for",
        "label": "Recommended for this",
        "clinical_claim_not_fact": true,
        "other_entity_id": "cardio:bp-lowering-to-target",
        "other_entity_in_atlas": true,
        "claim_id": "cardio:claim-who-2021-r6c"
      },
      {
        "predicate": "evaluated_for",
        "label": "Evaluated for this",
        "clinical_claim_not_fact": true,
        "other_entity_id": "cardio:intensive-sbp-lowering",
        "other_entity_in_atlas": true,
        "claim_id": "cardio:claim-sprint-primary-effect"
      },
      {
        "predicate": "recommended_for",
        "label": "Recommended for this",
        "clinical_claim_not_fact": true,
        "other_entity_id": "cardio:nonphysician-hypertension-treatment",
        "other_entity_in_atlas": true,
        "claim_id": "cardio:claim-who-2021-r8"
      },
      {
        "predicate": "not_recommended_for",
        "label": "Recommended against for this",
        "clinical_claim_not_fact": true,
        "other_entity_id": "cardio:salt-substitution",
        "other_entity_in_atlas": true,
        "claim_id": "cardio:claim-nice-ng136-1-4-5-salt-caution"
      },
      {
        "predicate": "related_to",
        "label": "Related to",
        "clinical_claim_not_fact": false,
        "other_entity_id": "cardio:high-sodium-intake",
        "other_entity_in_atlas": true,
        "claim_id": null
      },
      {
        "predicate": "investigates",
        "label": "Investigated in",
        "clinical_claim_not_fact": false,
        "other_entity_id": "cardio:sprint",
        "other_entity_in_atlas": true,
        "claim_id": null
      }
    ]
  },
  "page_path": "conditions/hypertension/",
  "context_path": "api/v1/context/core--hypertension.md"
}