# Empagliflozin Drug · id `cardio:empagliflozin` · Cardiovascular Atlas · release `f6f6f1b6f50379ed` (public) > General information from published sources, not medical advice, and not reviewed by clinicians. Check the cited source before relying on anything here. The atlas's own text and curation may be reused under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/): credit the atlas, and do not use it commercially. See the atlas About page. Text quoted from a source stays under that source's own terms, given as the source's reuse\_basis. The atlas's reuse terms do not cover it. The downloads list each quotation with its source in third\_party\_quotations. Browse, organ or system: Heart Browse, condition area: Heart failure; Diabetes and metabolic disease; Kidney connections ## In plain language The medicine inside Jardiance. It is an SGLT2 inhibitor. EMPEROR-Reduced tested it in adults with heart failure and an ejection fraction of 40% or less, and EMPEROR-Preserved tested it above 40%. In both trials fewer people taking empagliflozin than placebo died from cardiovascular causes or were admitted to hospital for heart failure. In the second trial the effect was mainly due to fewer hospital admissions. Genital tract infections were reported more often with empagliflozin. ## Technical summary RxNorm ingredient 1545653. US drug-label classes in RxClass: Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors (mechanism of action) and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor (established pharmacologic class). EMPEROR-Reduced (NCT03057977) and EMPEROR-Preserved (NCT03057951) were sponsored by Boehringer Ingelheim. Other trials of the same substance sit in other areas of the atlas. ## Claims, with the population each applies to ## Context: Adults with chronic kidney disease at risk of progression (EMPA-KIDNEY) Recipient: Adult; Population: Patients with chronic kidney disease who had an eGFR of at least 20 but less than 45 ml per minute per 1.73 m2, or an eGFR of at least 45 but less than 90 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio of at least 200. People with and without diabetes were included.; Care setting: Multicenter international trial (registry official title). The care setting is not described further in the sources read.; Geography: Multinational. The registry lists the sites by country on the study page.; Life stage: Adults aged 18 years or older (registry minimum age 18 years); Follow-up: Median follow-up 2.0 years. The trial was stopped early for efficacy at a formal interim analysis. ### In EMPA-KIDNEY, 6609 patients with chronic kidney disease at risk of progression were randomly assigned to empagliflozin 10 mg once a day or matching placebo. Over a median of 2.0 years, kidney disease progression or death from cardiovascular causes occurred in 432 of 3304 patients (13.1%) on empagliflozin and 558 of 3305 (16.9%) on placebo (hazard ratio 0.72; 95% CI 0.64 to 0.82; P<0.001). Results were consistent in patients with and without diabetes and across the eGFR ranges studied. Hospitalization from any cause was lower on empagliflozin (hazard ratio 0.86; 95% CI 0.78 to 0.95; P=0.003). There were no significant differences in the composite of hospitalization for heart failure or death from cardiovascular causes (4.0% against 4.6%) or in death from any cause (4.5% against 5.1%). The full text, in the PMC copy, gives the hazard ratio for death from cardiovascular causes alone as 0.84 (95% CI 0.60 to 1.19). Serious adverse events were similar in the two groups. - Category: Effect - Evidence stage: Interventional - Certainty: Certainty not assessed - Applies to: Recipient: Adult; Population: Patients with chronic kidney disease who had an eGFR of at least 20 but less than 45 ml per minute per 1.73 m2, or an eGFR of at least 45 but less than 90 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio of at least 200. People with and without diabetes were included.; Care setting: Multicenter international trial (registry official title). The care setting is not described further in the sources read.; Geography: Multinational. The registry lists the sites by country on the study page.; Life stage: Adults aged 18 years or older (registry minimum age 18 years); Follow-up: Median follow-up 2.0 years. The trial was stopped early for efficacy at a formal interim analysis. - Limitations: The trial was stopped early for efficacy at a formal interim analysis, according to the PMC full text. The PMC copy is a CC BY-ND article, quoted briefly. Funded by Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly and others (named in the abstract). The claim is about empagliflozin as tested in this one trial; it does not pool the other empagliflozin trials, which sit in other claims. - Last checked: 2026-10-14 - Sources: 1. Supports: Empagliflozin in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (Publication, edition PMC Open Access subset full-text XML, from NCBI E-utilities. The same paper's PubMed record (abstract only, fetched 2026-10-14, hash only) is the second snapshot.) Locator: Abstract, RESULTS, sentence 2. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:49Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: d32e700391c241bb3cecba3ed4ca1bc4de49fe9f28d7c1f87c7ee4f84b6e0545. How it applies: Primary outcome events by arm, hazard ratio and p-value. 2. Supports: Empagliflozin in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (Publication, edition PMC Open Access subset full-text XML, from NCBI E-utilities. The same paper's PubMed record (abstract only, fetched 2026-10-14, hash only) is the second snapshot.) Locator: Abstract, RESULTS, sentence 3; Abstract, RESULTS, sentence 4; Abstract, RESULTS, sentence 5. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:49Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: d32e700391c241bb3cecba3ed4ca1bc4de49fe9f28d7c1f87c7ee4f84b6e0545. How it applies: Consistency by diabetes status, hospitalization, other outcomes and safety. 3. Supports: Empagliflozin in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (Publication, edition PMC Open Access subset full-text XML, from NCBI E-utilities. The same paper's PubMed record (abstract only, fetched 2026-10-14, hash only) is the second snapshot.) Locator: Results, Primary and Secondary Outcomes, para 3, sentence 1. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:50Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: d236f12892360025a5d23cc760b2ac15ce6062270fa6f373d91499a0408e2bd0. How it applies: Hazard ratios for the two parts of the primary outcome, from the PMC full text. 4. Supports: Empagliflozin in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (Publication, edition PMC Open Access subset full-text XML, from NCBI E-utilities. The same paper's PubMed record (abstract only, fetched 2026-10-14, hash only) is the second snapshot.) Locator: Abstract, CONCLUSIONS, sentence 1. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:49Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: d32e700391c241bb3cecba3ed4ca1bc4de49fe9f28d7c1f87c7ee4f84b6e0545. How it applies: The authors conclusion. 5. Background: Empagliflozin in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (Publication, edition PMC Open Access subset full-text XML, from NCBI E-utilities. The same paper's PubMed record (abstract only, fetched 2026-10-14, hash only) is the second snapshot.) Locator: Results, Recruitment and Follow-Up, para 2, sentence 1. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:50Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: d236f12892360025a5d23cc760b2ac15ce6062270fa6f373d91499a0408e2bd0. How it applies: The interim analysis at which the trial was stopped early for efficacy. 6. Background: Empagliflozin in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (Publication, edition PMC Open Access subset full-text XML, from NCBI E-utilities. The same paper's PubMed record (abstract only, fetched 2026-10-14, hash only) is the second snapshot.) Locator: Abstract, METHODS, sentence 2; Abstract, METHODS, sentence 3. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:49Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: d32e700391c241bb3cecba3ed4ca1bc4de49fe9f28d7c1f87c7ee4f84b6e0545. How it applies: Dose and primary outcome definition. 7. Background: Empagliflozin in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (Publication, edition PMC Open Access subset full-text XML, from NCBI E-utilities. The same paper's PubMed record (abstract only, fetched 2026-10-14, hash only) is the second snapshot.) Locator: Abstract, CONCLUSIONS, sentence 2. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:49Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: d32e700391c241bb3cecba3ed4ca1bc4de49fe9f28d7c1f87c7ee4f84b6e0545. How it applies: Funding line. ## Context: Adults with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk (EMPA-REG OUTCOME) Recipient: Adult; Population: Patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk. The registry gives a minimum age of 18 years.; Care setting: Multicenter, international trial (registry official title). The care setting is not described further in the sources read.; Geography: Multinational. The registry lists the sites by country on the study page.; Life stage: Adults aged 18 years or older (registry minimum age 18 years); Follow-up: Median observation time 3.1 years in 7020 treated patients. ### In EMPA-REG OUTCOME, patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk were randomly assigned to 10 mg or 25 mg of empagliflozin or placebo once a day, added to standard care; 7020 patients were treated, with a median observation time of 3.1 years. The primary outcome (death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal heart attack or nonfatal stroke) occurred in 490 of 4687 patients (10.5%) in the pooled empagliflozin group and 282 of 2333 (12.1%) on placebo (hazard ratio 0.86; 95.02% CI 0.74 to 0.99; P=0.04 for superiority). Rates of heart attack and stroke did not differ significantly, but rates were lower on empagliflozin for death from cardiovascular causes (3.7% against 5.9%; a 38% relative reduction), hospitalization for heart failure (2.7% against 4.1%; 35%) and death from any cause (5.7% against 8.3%; 32%). There was no significant difference in the key secondary outcome (P=0.08). Genital infection was more frequent on empagliflozin. - Category: Effect - Evidence stage: Interventional - Certainty: Certainty not assessed - Applies to: Recipient: Adult; Population: Patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk. The registry gives a minimum age of 18 years.; Care setting: Multicenter, international trial (registry official title). The care setting is not described further in the sources read.; Geography: Multinational. The registry lists the sites by country on the study page.; Life stage: Adults aged 18 years or older (registry minimum age 18 years); Follow-up: Median observation time 3.1 years in 7020 treated patients. - Limitations: The two empagliflozin doses were analysed together against placebo. The abstract gives the percentages for cardiovascular death, heart-failure hospitalization and all-cause death with relative reductions, not hazard ratios, and this record repeats them as printed. Funded by Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly (named in the abstract). Only the PubMed abstract was read. The claim is about empagliflozin as tested in this one trial; it does not pool the other empagliflozin trials, which sit in other claims. - Last checked: 2026-10-14 - Sources: 1. Supports: Empagliflozin, Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes (Publication, edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) from NCBI E-utilities. The full text and the version of record were not fetched.) Locator: Abstract, RESULTS, sentence 2. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:49Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: ad466a06bafa965b18544969f77821c62c52332106e45d4cb24d3e04468f50c1. How it applies: Primary outcome counts, hazard ratio and p-value. 2. Supports: Empagliflozin, Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes (Publication, edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) from NCBI E-utilities. The full text and the version of record were not fetched.) Locator: Abstract, RESULTS, sentence 3; Abstract, RESULTS, sentence 4. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:49Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: ad466a06bafa965b18544969f77821c62c52332106e45d4cb24d3e04468f50c1. How it applies: Components of the outcome and the key secondary outcome. 3. Supports: Empagliflozin, Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes (Publication, edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) from NCBI E-utilities. The full text and the version of record were not fetched.) Locator: Abstract, RESULTS, sentence 1; Abstract, RESULTS, sentence 5. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:49Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: ad466a06bafa965b18544969f77821c62c52332106e45d4cb24d3e04468f50c1. How it applies: Number treated, observation time and genital infection. 4. Supports: Empagliflozin, Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes (Publication, edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) from NCBI E-utilities. The full text and the version of record were not fetched.) Locator: Abstract, CONCLUSIONS, sentence 1. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:49Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: ad466a06bafa965b18544969f77821c62c52332106e45d4cb24d3e04468f50c1. How it applies: The authors conclusion. 5. Background: Empagliflozin, Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes (Publication, edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) from NCBI E-utilities. The full text and the version of record were not fetched.) Locator: Abstract, METHODS, sentence 1; Abstract, METHODS, sentence 2; Abstract, METHODS, sentence 3. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:49Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: ad466a06bafa965b18544969f77821c62c52332106e45d4cb24d3e04468f50c1. How it applies: Doses, primary outcome and key secondary outcome. 6. Background: Empagliflozin, Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes (Publication, edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) from NCBI E-utilities. The full text and the version of record were not fetched.) Locator: Abstract, CONCLUSIONS, sentence 2. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:49Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: ad466a06bafa965b18544969f77821c62c52332106e45d4cb24d3e04468f50c1. How it applies: Funding line. ## Context: Adults with chronic heart failure and an ejection fraction above 40%, on usual therapy (EMPEROR-Preserved) Recipient: Adult; Population: Patients with class II to IV heart failure and an ejection fraction of more than 40%, who were taking usual therapy. The registry gives a minimum age of 18 years. The abstract says the effects appeared consistent in people with and without diabetes. The trial includes people with mildly reduced as well as preserved ejection fraction.; Care setting: Not stated in the abstract. The registry record is not read for setting.; Geography: Multinational: the registry lists many countries across several continents.; Life stage: Adults, 18 years and over (registry minimum age). The abstract gives no mean age.; Follow-up: Median 26.2 months (abstract). ### In EMPEROR-Preserved, adults with class II to IV heart failure and an ejection fraction of more than 40% took empagliflozin 10 mg once daily or placebo, in addition to usual therapy. Over a median of 26.2 months, the primary outcome, cardiovascular death or hospitalization for heart failure, occurred in 415 of 2997 people (13.8%) taking empagliflozin and 511 of 2991 (17.1%) taking placebo (hazard ratio 0.79, 95% CI 0.69 to 0.90). The authors say this effect was mainly related to a lower risk of hospitalization for heart failure with empagliflozin. Separately, the total number of hospitalizations for heart failure was 407 with empagliflozin and 541 with placebo (hazard ratio 0.73, 95% CI 0.61 to 0.88); these are counts of events and not of people. The effects appeared consistent in people with or without diabetes. Uncomplicated genital and urinary tract infections and low blood pressure were reported more often with empagliflozin. - Category: Effect - Evidence stage: Interventional - Certainty: Certainty not assessed - Applies to: Recipient: Adult; Population: Patients with class II to IV heart failure and an ejection fraction of more than 40%, who were taking usual therapy. The registry gives a minimum age of 18 years. The abstract says the effects appeared consistent in people with and without diabetes. The trial includes people with mildly reduced as well as preserved ejection fraction.; Care setting: Not stated in the abstract. The registry record is not read for setting.; Geography: Multinational: the registry lists many countries across several continents.; Life stage: Adults, 18 years and over (registry minimum age). The abstract gives no mean age.; Follow-up: Median 26.2 months (abstract). - Limitations: One double-blind trial funded by Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly. The numbers come from the PubMed abstract; the full text, tables and registry results were not read. The abstract does not give the separate counts for cardiovascular death, so the claim does not say whether death alone differed. The trial enrolled people with an ejection fraction above 40%, a wider band than the preserved range NHLBI describes. No certainty rating was assessed. - Last checked: 2026-10-14 - Sources: 1. Supports: Empagliflozin in Heart Failure with a Preserved Ejection Fraction (Publication, edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) from NCBI E-utilities. The full text and the version of record were not fetched.) Locator: Abstract, RESULTS, sentence 1. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:45Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: 6aa150f130383577608a2ceaeb9d3d7329eda3f870a9438e7b8407f7c2904970. How it applies: Primary outcome counts and hazard ratio. Abstract of the paper from PubMed; the full text was not read. 2. Supports: Empagliflozin in Heart Failure with a Preserved Ejection Fraction (Publication, edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) from NCBI E-utilities. The full text and the version of record were not fetched.) Locator: Abstract, RESULTS, sentence 2. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:45Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: 6aa150f130383577608a2ceaeb9d3d7329eda3f870a9438e7b8407f7c2904970. How it applies: The effect was mainly related to fewer heart-failure hospitalizations. Abstract of the paper from PubMed; the full text was not read. 3. Supports: Empagliflozin in Heart Failure with a Preserved Ejection Fraction (Publication, edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) from NCBI E-utilities. The full text and the version of record were not fetched.) Locator: Abstract, RESULTS, sentence 3. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:45Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: 6aa150f130383577608a2ceaeb9d3d7329eda3f870a9438e7b8407f7c2904970. How it applies: Consistency with or without diabetes. Abstract of the paper from PubMed; the full text was not read. 4. Supports: Empagliflozin in Heart Failure with a Preserved Ejection Fraction (Publication, edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) from NCBI E-utilities. The full text and the version of record were not fetched.) Locator: Abstract, RESULTS, sentence 4. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:45Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: 6aa150f130383577608a2ceaeb9d3d7329eda3f870a9438e7b8407f7c2904970. How it applies: Total hospitalizations for heart failure. Abstract of the paper from PubMed; the full text was not read. 5. Supports: Empagliflozin in Heart Failure with a Preserved Ejection Fraction (Publication, edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) from NCBI E-utilities. The full text and the version of record were not fetched.) Locator: Abstract, RESULTS, sentence 5. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:45Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: 6aa150f130383577608a2ceaeb9d3d7329eda3f870a9438e7b8407f7c2904970. How it applies: Infections and low blood pressure. Abstract of the paper from PubMed; the full text was not read. 6. Background: Empagliflozin in Heart Failure with a Preserved Ejection Fraction (Publication, edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) from NCBI E-utilities. The full text and the version of record were not fetched.) Locator: Abstract, METHODS, sentence 1. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:45Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: 6aa150f130383577608a2ceaeb9d3d7329eda3f870a9438e7b8407f7c2904970. How it applies: Who was randomized, the dose and the background therapy. Abstract of the paper from PubMed; the full text was not read. 7. Background: Empagliflozin in Heart Failure with a Preserved Ejection Fraction (Publication, edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) from NCBI E-utilities. The full text and the version of record were not fetched.) Locator: Abstract, METHODS, sentence 2. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:45Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: 6aa150f130383577608a2ceaeb9d3d7329eda3f870a9438e7b8407f7c2904970. How it applies: How the primary outcome was defined. Abstract of the paper from PubMed; the full text was not read. 8. Background: Empagliflozin in Heart Failure with a Preserved Ejection Fraction (Publication, edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) from NCBI E-utilities. The full text and the version of record were not fetched.) Locator: Abstract, CONCLUSIONS, sentence 2. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:45Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: 6aa150f130383577608a2ceaeb9d3d7329eda3f870a9438e7b8407f7c2904970. How it applies: Funding statement and registry number. Abstract of the paper from PubMed; the full text was not read. ## Context: Adults with chronic heart failure and an ejection fraction of 40% or less, on recommended therapy (EMPEROR-Reduced) Recipient: Adult; Population: Patients with class II, III or IV heart failure and an ejection fraction of 40% or less, who were taking recommended therapy. The registry gives a minimum age of 18 years. The abstract says the effect on the primary outcome was consistent in people with and without diabetes.; Care setting: Not stated in the abstract. The registry record is not read for setting.; Geography: Multinational: the registry lists many countries across several continents.; Life stage: Adults, 18 years and over (registry minimum age). The abstract gives no mean age.; Follow-up: Median 16 months (abstract). ### In EMPEROR-Reduced, adults with class II, III or IV heart failure and an ejection fraction of 40% or less took empagliflozin 10 mg once daily or placebo, in addition to recommended therapy. Over a median of 16 months, the primary outcome, cardiovascular death or hospitalization for worsening heart failure, occurred in 361 of 1863 people (19.4%) taking empagliflozin and 462 of 1867 (24.7%) taking placebo (hazard ratio 0.75, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.86). The authors report that the effect was consistent in people with and without diabetes. The total number of hospitalizations for heart failure was lower with empagliflozin (hazard ratio 0.70, 95% CI 0.58 to 0.85), and the yearly decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate was slower, at -0.55 against -2.28 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body surface area per year. Uncomplicated genital tract infection was reported more often with empagliflozin. - Category: Effect - Evidence stage: Interventional - Certainty: Certainty not assessed - Applies to: Recipient: Adult; Population: Patients with class II, III or IV heart failure and an ejection fraction of 40% or less, who were taking recommended therapy. The registry gives a minimum age of 18 years. The abstract says the effect on the primary outcome was consistent in people with and without diabetes.; Care setting: Not stated in the abstract. The registry record is not read for setting.; Geography: Multinational: the registry lists many countries across several continents.; Life stage: Adults, 18 years and over (registry minimum age). The abstract gives no mean age.; Follow-up: Median 16 months (abstract). - Limitations: One double-blind trial funded by Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly. The numbers come from the PubMed abstract; the full text, tables and registry results were not read. The abstract says patients were randomized but gives no age, setting or exclusion criteria, and no counts for infection. Median follow-up was 16 months. No certainty rating was assessed. - Last checked: 2026-10-14 - Sources: 1. Supports: Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes with Empagliflozin in Heart Failure (Publication, edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) from NCBI E-utilities. The full text and the version of record were not fetched.) Locator: Abstract, RESULTS, sentence 1. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:45Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: 6519ae8338ccd9e7fb161e306e177ad9a66f171c96ee4da655099894e0ff9ea8. How it applies: Primary outcome counts and hazard ratio. Abstract of the paper from PubMed; the full text was not read. 2. Supports: Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes with Empagliflozin in Heart Failure (Publication, edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) from NCBI E-utilities. The full text and the version of record were not fetched.) Locator: Abstract, RESULTS, sentence 2. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:45Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: 6519ae8338ccd9e7fb161e306e177ad9a66f171c96ee4da655099894e0ff9ea8. How it applies: Consistency with and without diabetes. Abstract of the paper from PubMed; the full text was not read. 3. Supports: Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes with Empagliflozin in Heart Failure (Publication, edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) from NCBI E-utilities. The full text and the version of record were not fetched.) Locator: Abstract, RESULTS, sentence 3. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:45Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: 6519ae8338ccd9e7fb161e306e177ad9a66f171c96ee4da655099894e0ff9ea8. How it applies: Total hospitalizations for heart failure. Abstract of the paper from PubMed; the full text was not read. 4. Supports: Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes with Empagliflozin in Heart Failure (Publication, edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) from NCBI E-utilities. The full text and the version of record were not fetched.) Locator: Abstract, RESULTS, sentence 4. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:45Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: 6519ae8338ccd9e7fb161e306e177ad9a66f171c96ee4da655099894e0ff9ea8. How it applies: Rate of decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate. Abstract of the paper from PubMed; the full text was not read. 5. Supports: Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes with Empagliflozin in Heart Failure (Publication, edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) from NCBI E-utilities. The full text and the version of record were not fetched.) Locator: Abstract, RESULTS, sentence 5. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:45Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: 6519ae8338ccd9e7fb161e306e177ad9a66f171c96ee4da655099894e0ff9ea8. How it applies: Genital tract infection. Abstract of the paper from PubMed; the full text was not read. 6. Background: Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes with Empagliflozin in Heart Failure (Publication, edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) from NCBI E-utilities. The full text and the version of record were not fetched.) Locator: Abstract, METHODS, sentence 1. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:45Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: 6519ae8338ccd9e7fb161e306e177ad9a66f171c96ee4da655099894e0ff9ea8. How it applies: Who was randomized, the dose and the background therapy. Abstract of the paper from PubMed; the full text was not read. 7. Background: Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes with Empagliflozin in Heart Failure (Publication, edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) from NCBI E-utilities. The full text and the version of record were not fetched.) Locator: Abstract, METHODS, sentence 2. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:45Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: 6519ae8338ccd9e7fb161e306e177ad9a66f171c96ee4da655099894e0ff9ea8. How it applies: How the primary outcome was defined. Abstract of the paper from PubMed; the full text was not read. 8. Background: Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes with Empagliflozin in Heart Failure (Publication, edition PubMed record (abstract and bibliographic data) from NCBI E-utilities. The full text and the version of record were not fetched.) Locator: Abstract, CONCLUSIONS, sentence 2. Retrieved 2026-10-14T18:18:45Z. Source state: Current. Snapshot hash: 6519ae8338ccd9e7fb161e306e177ad9a66f171c96ee4da655099894e0ff9ea8. How it applies: Funding statement and registry number. Abstract of the paper from PubMed; the full text was not read. ## Connected pages - Empagliflozin is an SGLT2 inhibitor (FDA established pharmacologic class in RxClass): SGLT2 inhibitors (drug class) (`cardio:sglt2-inhibitors`) - EMPEROR-Reduced: lower rate of cardiovascular death or hospitalization for worsening heart failure than placebo: Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) (`cardio:hfref`) [a claim, not a settled fact; see claim `cardio:claim-emperor-reduced-primary-effect` and its context] - EMPEROR-Preserved: lower rate of cardiovascular death or hospitalization for heart failure than placebo: Heart failure with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction (`cardio:hfpef`) [a claim, not a settled fact; see claim `cardio:claim-emperor-preserved-primary-effect` and its context] - EMPA-REG OUTCOME: cardiovascular outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk: Type 2 diabetes (`cardio:type-2-diabetes`) [a claim, not a settled fact; see claim `cardio:claim-empa-reg-outcome-primary-effect` and its context] - EMPA-KIDNEY: kidney disease progression or cardiovascular death in people with chronic kidney disease at risk of progression: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) (`cardio:chronic-kidney-disease`) [a claim, not a settled fact; see claim `cardio:claim-empa-kidney-effect` and its context] - Files under this front: Medicines (`cardio:front-medicines`) - Contained in: Empagliflozin (Jardiance) (`cardio:jardiance`) - Investigated in: EMPA-KIDNEY: empagliflozin in a broad range of chronic kidney disease (`cardio:empa-kidney`) - Investigated in: EMPA-REG OUTCOME: empagliflozin and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes (`cardio:empa-reg-outcome`) - Investigated in: EMPEROR-Preserved (`cardio:emperor-preserved`) - Investigated in: EMPEROR-Reduced (`cardio:emperor-reduced`) ## Provenance Content hash: 8f8b2c5b77b4e83e144b8298d55ff4ef5efd4c82c57509c85370bcf84e15a20a Last substantive edit: 2026-10-15 Evidence last checked: 2026-10-14